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21.
黑龙江三道湾子金矿区龙江组安山岩的年代学与地球化学 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
三道湾子金矿是我国东北地区重要的浅成低温热液金矿之一,金矿赋存在龙江组安山岩和安山质火山角砾岩中。本文对三道湾子金矿赋矿围岩进行了锆石U-Pb年代学和Hf同位素、岩石元素和Sr-Nd同位素地球化学研究。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年获得龙江组安山岩加权平均年龄为121.4±1.8Ma,表明其喷出时代为早白垩世。在地球化学组成上,龙江组火山岩具有明显的轻重稀土分馏和弱Eu负异常,微量元素富集Rb、Ba、Th、U等大离子亲石元素(LILE),亏损Nb、Ta、Ti等高场强元素(HFSE),岩石与岛弧安山岩地球化学特征相似。龙江组安山岩具有低的Sr初始比值[(87Sr/86Sr)i=0.704798~0.704919]和正的εNd(t)(0.7~1.8),说明岩浆源区具有弱亏损地幔的特征。三道湾子金矿区的龙江组安山岩可能形成于早白垩世岩石圈大规模伸展减薄的动力学背景下,由于伊泽奈崎板块运动方向的改变致使整个东北地区处于伸展构造背景中,软流圈上涌的同时下地壳与岩石圈地幔发生部分熔融,导致整个东北地区广泛发育晚中生代岩浆作用,构成了三道湾子金矿的赋矿围岩。 相似文献
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The late Aptian(118-115 Ma) continental flood basalts of the Rajmahal Volcanic Province(RVP) are part of the Kerguelen Large Igneous Province,and constitute the uppermost part of the Gondwana Supergroup on the eastern Indian shield margin.The lower one-third of the Rajmahal volcanic succession contains thin layers of plant fossil-rich inter-trappean sedimentary rocks with pyroclasts,bentonite,grey and black shale/mudstone and oolite,whereas the upper two-thirds consist of sub-aerial fine-grained aphyric basalts with no inter-trappean material.At the eastern margin and the north-central sector of the RVP,the volcanics in the lower part include rhyolites and dacites overlain by enstatite-bearing basalts and enstatite-andesites.The pyroclastic rocks are largely felsic in composition,and comprise ignimbrite as well as coarse-grained tuff with lithic clasts,and tuff breccia with bombs,lapilli and ash that indicate explosive eruption of viscous rhyolitic magma.The rhyolites/dacites(68 wt.%) are separated from the andesites( 60 wt.%) by a gap in silica content indicating their formation through upper crustal anatexis with only heat supplied by the basaltic magma.On the other hand,partially melted siltstone xenoliths in enstatite-bearing basalts suggest that the enstatite-andesites originated through mixing of the upper crust with basaltic magma,crystallizing orthopyroxene at a pressure-temperature of ~3 kb/1150℃.In contrast,the northwestern sector of the RVP is devoid of felsic-intermediate rocks,and the volcaniclastic rocks are predominantly mafic(basaltic) in composition.Here,the presence of fine-grained tuffs,tuff breccia containing sideromelane shards and quenched texture,welded tuff breccia,peperite,shale/mudstone and oolite substantiates a subaqueous environment.Based on these observations,we conclude that the early phase of Rajmahal volcanism occurred under predominantly subaqueous conditions.The presence of grey and black shale/mudstone in the lower one-third of the succession across the entire Rajmahal basin provides unequivocal evidence of a shallow-marine continental shelf-type environment.Alignment of the Rajmahal eruptive centers with a major N—S mid-Neoproterozoic lineament and the presence of a gravity high on the RVP suggest a tectonic control for the eruption of melts associated with the Kerguelen plume that was active in a post-Gondwana rift between India and Australia-Antarctica. 相似文献
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辽西中生代陆内底侵作用背景下形成的安山岩 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：5
本文选择了辽西地区中生代230Ma、190Ma、159Ma、123Ma、116Ma等不同时期的安山岩及其所含的辉石,通过岩石学、岩相学、地球化学和同位素的研究,发现它们同时具有壳源和幔源的特征,而且大多数单斜辉石记录了两种或多种熔体的相互作用。据此作者认为安山岩是壳幔岩浆混熔成因的,而如此长期的热演化与大陆内部伸展背景下的底侵作用有关。 相似文献
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塔里木盆地巴楚隆起西缘的同1井(TX1)在寒武系之下钻遇一套火山岩,本文对该套火山岩的岩石类型、形成时代、岩石成因及构造环境进行了详细研究。结果显示,这套火山岩可分为上下两段,分别为杏仁状辉石安山岩和角闪石英安岩,属于钙碱性系列火山岩,形成于大陆边缘弧构造环境。安山岩锆石U-Pb年龄(747±12Ma)表明该岩浆弧发育时代为新元古代。同1井钻揭的火山岩与卡塔克隆起上塔参1井(TC1)钻揭的闪长岩(744.0±9.3Ma~790.0±22.1Ma)和花岗闪长岩(757.4±6.2Ma)成岩时代一致、形成环境相同,表明横亘塔里木盆地中部的古隆起带(巴楚隆起-卡塔克隆起-古城虚隆起)起源于一条新元古代陆缘岩浆弧,塔里木盆地的基底是由新元古代造山作用拼合的基底。以中央隆起带为界,南、北塔里木的基底性质和成盆演化过程可能有所差异。 相似文献
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甜水海地块寒武纪安山岩的地球化学和年代学研究:对西昆仑-喀喇昆仑造山带原特提斯洋演化的启示 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
甜水海地块作为西昆仑-喀喇昆仑造山带重要的组成部分,夹持于麻扎-康西瓦板块缝合带和洪山湖-乔尔天山板块缝合带之间,其构造属性的探讨对认知西昆仑地区早古生代地质演化具有重要的科学意义。笔者在甜水海地块中部麻扎地区通过野外填图新发现并厘定出一套火山岩-沉积岩组合,主要由安山岩、英安岩、流纹岩及其火山碎屑岩和少量沉积岩组成;与安山岩互层产出的英安岩和流纹岩锆石U-Pb年龄为519~513Ma,表明这套火山-沉积地层形成于中寒武世。该火山岩套的地球化学特征为：安山岩SiO2含量为57.0%~67.2%,具有高MgO（1.91%~7.17%）含量和Mg#值（39.1~65.3,平均值为55.0）,较高Cr（31.0×10-6~190×10-6）和Ni（12.2×10-6~121×10-6）含量,低FeOT/MgO比值（1.12~3.26）,低Al2O3（13.7%~17.3%）和K2O（1.12%~5.52%）含量的特征,属于低铁钙碱系列高镁安山岩-镁安山岩;英安岩较安山岩SiO2含量高（63.8%~71.8%）,具有相似的Al2O3（13.4%~15.4%）含量,低MgO（0.28%~1.19%）含量和Mg#值（9.98~36.5,平均值为25.3）,低Cr（11.5×10-6~25.2×10-6）和Ni（4.33×10-6~11.8×10-6）含量,高FeOT/MgO比值（3.64~18.9）和K2O（4.84%~9.27%）含量的特征,属于高钾钙碱性系列。安山岩和英安岩总体表现出右倾轻稀土富集分配模式,富集Rb、Ba、K、Th等大离子亲石元素,亏损Nb、Ta、Ti高场强元素,具有典型的岛弧岩浆岩特征。野外调查表明,安山岩与英安岩在空间上相邻,呈互层产出,且它们都出露于中寒武系地层中,暗示了二者在成因上紧密相联。岩石地球化学特征指示了安山岩和英安岩可能源于富集地幔楔不同比例的部分熔融作用,所产生的岩浆在上升过程中又遭受了不同比例的地壳混染。推测麻扎地区寒武纪火山岩形成于原特提斯洋向南俯冲消减机制下的岛弧构造环境,同时结合区域资料,认为在寒武纪甜水海地块存在两期岩浆作用,在早寒武系末期（~520Ma）原特提斯洋发生双向俯冲,甜水海地块北缘转化为活动大陆边缘。 相似文献
26.
Dian Fiantis Malik Nelson Eric Van Ranst Jusop Shamshuddin Nikolla P. Qafoku 《山地科学学报》2009,6(3):240-254
The Java Island, Indonesia with abundant amount of pyroclastic deposits is located in the very active and dynamic Pacific Ring of Fires. Studying the geochemical weathering indices of these pyroclastic deposits is important to get a clear picture about weathering profiles on deposits resulting from the eruption of Mt. Merapi. Immediately after the first phase of the eruption （March to June 2006）, moist and leached pyroclastic deposits were collected. These pyroclastic deposits were found to be composed of volcanic glass, plagioclase feldspar in various propoitions, orthopyroxene, clinopyroxene, olivine, amphibole and titanomagnetite. The total elemental composition of the bulk samples （including trace elements and heavy metals） was determined by wet chemical methods and X-ray fluorescence （XRF） analyses. Weathering of the pyroelastic deposits was studied using various weathering indices. The Ruxton ratio, weathering index of Parker, Vought resudual index and chemical index of weathering of moist pyroclastic deposits were lower than those of the leached samples, but the alteration indices （chemical and plagioclase） were slightly higher in the moist compared to the leached pyroelastic deposits. 相似文献
27.
铅锌矿体赋存于中侏罗统小红桥组与上三叠统b段不整合接触带靠b段一侧,顶板.底板围岩及含矿岩石同为安山岩.矿体脉状产出,属火热液型. 相似文献
28.
《Geodinamica Acta》2013,26(5-6):273-290
In the post-Variscan Early Permian deposits of southwestern Europe, andesites belong to successions characterized by the constant occurrence of a basal rhyolite ignimbrite, followed by andesites, and by abundant dacite-rhyodacite products, interbedded with lacustrine sediments. The subalkaline andesite to K-andesite volcanism developed within intramontane basins following the collapse of the Variscan orogen. The compositional features, including trace element ratios and initial Sr (and Nd) of post-Variscan intermediate products allow excluding continental or island arc settings. The andesite composition of Lower Permian lavas was reproduced starting from two potential primary magmas: picrobasaltic and enriched MORB compositions. In particular, the picrobasalt was modified, by adding incremental amounts of a felsic granulite, from the lower continental crust. Mixing and fractional crystallization (MFC) were modelled by the MELTS software in a closed system under isobaric, isenthalpic conditions (P = 0.3 GPa). The computed residual liquid evolves to match closely the composition of Lower Permian andesite lavas after ~34 % crystallization by adding ~27 % of contaminant to the parental magma. 相似文献
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The Nevado Sabancaya in southern Peru has exhibited a persistent eruptive activity over eight years following a violent eruption in May–June 1990. The explosive activity consisted of alternated vulcanian and phreatomagmatic events, followed by declining phreatic activity since late 1997. The mean production rate of magma has remained low (106–107 m3 per year).The 1990–1998 eruptive episode produced andesitic and dacitic magmas. The juvenile tephra span a narrow range of compositions (60–64 wt% SiO2). While SiO2 contents do vary slightly, they do not show any systematic variation with time. Phenocryst assemblages in the juvenile rocks consist of mainly plagioclase, associated with high-Ca pyroxene, hornblende, biotite, and iron-titanium oxides. Rare fine-grained magmatic enclaves, with angular to subrounded shapes, are contained within some of the juvenile lava blocks, which were expelled since 1992. They have a homogeneous andesitic composition (57 wt% SiO2) and show randomly oriented interlocking columnar or acicular crystals (plagioclase and amphibole), with interstitial glass and a few voids, which define a quench-textured groundmass.Textural, mineralogical and chemical evidence suggests that the 1990–1998 eruptions have mainly erupted hybrid andesites, except for the 1990 dacite. The hybrid andesites contain a mixed population of plagioclase phenocrysts: Ca-rich clear plagioclase (An40–60), Na-rich clear plagioclase (An25–35), and inversely zoned dusty-rimmed plagioclase with a sodic core (An25–40) surrounded by a Ca-rich mantle (An45–65). Melt-inclusions, wavy dissolution surfaces and stepped zoning within the dusty-rimmed plagioclases are compatible with resorption induced by magma recharge events. Chemical and isotopic lines of evidence also show that andesites are hybrids resulting from magma mixing processes. Repeated magma recharge, incomplete homogenisation and different degrees of crustal assimilation may explain the extended range of isotopic signatures.Our study leads to propose an evolution model for the magmatic system at Nevado Sabancaya. The main magma body consisted of dacitic magmas differentiating through extensive open-system crystallization (AFC). Repeated recharge of more mafic magmas induced magma mixing, leading to the formation of hybrid andesites. A partially crystalline boundary layer formed at the interface between the andesites and the recharge magma. The magmatic enclaves were produced by the disruption and dispersion of this andesitic layer as a result of new magma injection and/or sustained tectonic activity.Periodic magma recharge and interactions with groundwater are two processes that have enabled the explosive regime to remain persistent over an 8-year-long period. What precise mechanism triggers the eruptive activity remains speculative, but it may be related either to new magma injection, or to the sustained tectonic activity that occurred at that time in the vicinity of the volcano, or a combination of both. 相似文献